Sunday, September 18, 2011

Markup

HTML markup consists of several key components, including elements (and their attributes), character-based data types, character references and entity references. Another important component is the document type declaration, which triggers standards mode rendering.

The Hello world program, a common computer program employed for comparing programming languages, scripting languages and markup languages is made of 9 lines of code, although in HTML newlines are optional:


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Hello HTML</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <p>Hello World!</p>
  </body>
</html>

(The text between <html> and </html> describes the web page, and the text between <body> and </body> is the visible page content. The markup text '<title>Hello HTML</title>' defines the browser tab title.)

This Document Type Declaration is for HTML5. If the <!doctype html> declaration is not included, various browsers will revert to "quirks mode" for rendering

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